Check the previous entry Blockchain 101 \ 1 - What is Bitcoin?
📖 A
Address
Address to receive coin every time you want to transfer it. In the field of cryptocurrency, the address is not a public key, it is encoded in base64 format and has a check code to avoid accidentally typing a few characters leading to the wrong address.
AML
This is an acronym for Anti Money Laundering. It is regulation.
ASIC
Abbreviation for Application Specific Integrated Circuit. Often in the field of cryptocurrency, certain hashing algorithms are used to create Blockchain, and mining machines are often designed for certain algorithms to help increase mining speed. For example, Bitcoin miners have ASICs with the SHA256 algorithm, and Dash mining ASICs are created for Dash’s X11 algorithm.
ATH
All-time high. The highest recorded price of a certain asset.
Algorithm
Algorithm, in the field of cryptocurrency, algorithm usually refers to the hash algorithm that that digital currency uses.
API
This is the acronym for Application Programing Interface. Often when a software wants to open channels to communicate with other software, people create these application programming interfaces so that other software can easily interact with that software.
For operating systems, APIs are used to help software running on that operating system use functions built into the operating system just by using the communication rules specified in the API. Later, websites also created application programming interfaces so that third-party programmers could easily write software that connected and interacted with their websites.
Thanks to Facebook’s development of a powerful API set, it has helped game programmers and application developers create many applications on the Facebook platform, so that Facebook defeated Myspace to become the largest social network on the planet.
ASHDRAKED or REKT
You lost all money/assets/coins.
Altcoin
This term refers to other types of coins. Initially there was only Bitcoin until there were many other coins, then people came up with this term to refer to coins other than Bitcoin.
Altcoin or the full spelling is Alternate Coins.
Arbitrage
Taking advantage of the price difference of the same item on two different exchanges. Often mentioned when comparing ETH prices on Korean exchanges with American exchanges.
ASIC MINER
This is an application used to mine bitcoins. These devices can directly connect computers to each other, internet cables or wireless links
📖 B
Bear/bearish
Market trend is down, prices are negative, expected to go down.
Bull/bullish
Market trend is up, prices are positive, expected to go up.
Blockchain Address
Block address, usually when a new block is created, there is always an address attached to that block.
Block time
Means the time to execute a block. For example, Bitcoin has an average block time of 10 minutes, while Dash has an average block time of about 2 and a half minutes. If the miners solve the hash with a certain difficulty earlier than the average time, the difficulty is increased, but if the miners solve it slower than the average time, the difficulty decreases.
Block explorer
This is a tool that helps programmers and blockchain researchers track and trace transactions. This is a tool that helps the cryptocurrency achieve transparency.
BTFD
Buy the fucking dip. Is the market going down? Buy when market is red. Signs to buy a coin when it drops a lot.
Blind signature
A blind signature is a type of digital signature that hides the contents of a message before it is signed
Block
In the world of cryptocurrency, each block is a group of transactions and the cryptocurrency database is a chain of blocks of these transactions. Different currencies use blocks of different sizes.
For example, currently Bitcoin uses a block size of 1 MB, however this may change in the future. It is said that all transactions are saved in a ledger, so each block is like a page in that ledger.
Block reward
This is the word that refers to the reward given to miners who mine a block. In the field of cryptocurrency using the Proof of Work mechanism, miners must compete to solve a hash of some difficulty to win the right to create a block. The miner that solves the problem first will have the right to create a block and receive a reward for creating that block.
Bitcoin
With a capital B, Is the first complete cryptocurrency using blockchain technology.
bitcoin
with lowercase b, attached when saying 1 bitcoin, 2 bitcoin… similarly 1 BTC, 2 BTC.
Black swan
A Black swan is an event that deviates from what is normally expected in a situation that would be extremely difficult to predict.
Blockchain
This means that the chain of blocks contains transactions connected together in a chained form that are closely related to each other. This is the keyword that refers to the application of the technique of chaining blocks together into chains and using peer-to-peer network technology to synchronously store data on all network nodes.
Since this technology uses network nodes that are connected peer-to-peer, it is possible that the time at the network nodes is not the same, so the use of such daisy-chained blocks ensures their time order.
Block height
The block height refers the number of blocks preceding it in the blockchain.
Block size
The size of one block. With Bitcoin it is 1mb.
Budget
For cryptocurrencies like Dash that use a mechanism to fund community projects that improve the technology or help the currency become popular, budget here means capital which was supported by the system for community projects.
📖 C
Circulating Supply
This is an index of cryptocurrencies, it shows the total number of coins circulating in the market of that currency.
Cloud storage
Storage data on cloud.
Combination lock
A lock that can only be opened by using a particular series of numbers or letters.
Cryptocurrency
Meaning crypto currency, or open source digital currency.
Cryptographic hash function
It shows meaning.
Confirm
It refers to the fact that coin miners have authenticated a transaction. Normally in the field of cryptocurrency, every certain period of time, the coin miner will confirm transactions in a block. The more confirmations a transaction has, the more secure it is. In normal transactions, wallets usually require about 6 confirmations for it to be considered secure.
Cryptojacking
Is an attack where attackers run a cryptocurrency miner on your hardware without your permission. These attackers take cryptocurrency and sell it for profit, but you will have problems with high CPU usage and rapidly increasing electricity bills.
Cold storage or Cold wallet
The process of moving cryptocurrency “offline”, as a way to protect your crypto from being hacked. There are many ways to do this, but some of the most commonly used methods:
(1) Print the QR code of the software wallet and store it in a safe place, such as a safe. (2) Transfer the files of soft wallet to a usb drive and store it in a safe place. (3) Use a hardware wallet (Most secure)
CLOUD Act
Overseas Data Use Act. This act allows law enforcement agencies to request access to online information from any country in the world from the United States and the data can also be provided vice versa if any country requests it. Request information online from companies in the US.
Cryptography
Meaning cryptography, or encryption method or the study of converting the content of a message into a format that only those with the key can read its content.
📖 D
DAPI
Short for Decentralized Application Programing Interface, this is a concept introduced by Dash founder Evan Duffield. DAPI means decentralized application programming interface, i.e. it is a programming interface for applications to interact with Dash’s decentralized system without having to interact with a server without The Dash system will automatically retrieve data on the system to provide data or communication methods for external programs or build to take advantage of Dash’s underlying technology.
Dash
As a digital currency, it is a decentralized cryptocurrency technology. Dash also means electronic cash, in English it is called Digital Cash. Dash is also the name of the digital currency unit called Dash, 1 Dash as well as one Dollar, one Bitcoin.
Decrypt
Meaning decoding, is converting encrypted messages into a readable format. Decrypt is the opposite of Encrypt.
Digital identily
It shows meaning.
Double spending
Double spending can be understood as an attack where a certain set of coins is spent in multiple transactions.
Dump
It means to sell off, or to sell off into the market to withdraw money. This is a concept with cryptocurrency traders on exchanges. When some traders on cryptocurrency exchanges see bad news about the coin they hold, they try to sell off their money to withdraw as soon as possible.
DAO
Short for Decentralized Autonomous Organization, meaning a system that operates automatically and decentralized. Autonomy here means not needing control or orders but thinking and acting on your own. An automated system can be viewed as a beehive or an anthill where each member of the system knows its own task and performs its tasks without the need for orders or permission from other members.
Dash Drive
Also known as DashDrive, Dash’s special technology (released with the Evolution version of Dash) allows storing information about users’ wallets on the hard drives of Masternodes. This allows users to access their wallets anywhere from desktop wallets, mobile wallets, and even web wallets through Dash’s decentralized application programming interface.
Difficult target
It show meaning.
Distributed public ledger
It show meaning.
Deflation
It is the opposite of the meaning of inflation. Deflation means when the money supply is less than the circulating demand of that currency, causing its price to increase.
DYOR
stands for “do your own research”.
DarkSend
This is the old name for Dash’s PrivateSend technology, which allows Dash users to send money to each other anonymously and ensure high privacy.
Decentralize
Meaning belong no one, “power” is not in hand of anyone.
Decentralized Oracle
This is a new concept introduced by Evan Duffield, founder of Dash. This technology allows masternodes to query different data sources and the Dash system will automatically vote to select and evaluate the accuracy of information based on the results of automatic voting among a group of at least n random node of masternodes. This is a key factor to ensure a truly decentralized smart contract.
Distributed consensus
Everyone from everywhere agrees with a commands together.
Dildo
Unusually large green candles in chart.
Duff
The smallest unit of Dash. One Duff is equal to 0.00000001 Dash. Duff is also the first few letters of Duffield (Last name of Evan Duffield, founder of Dash).
📖 E
EEA
Enterprise ethereum alliance. A alliance of startups and corporations trying to figure out the best way to use this.
Elliptic curve digital signature algorihm
Elliptic curve cryptographic algorithm.
Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)
Is a Turing-complete virtual machine network that can execute scripts using an Ethereum network of computers.
Encrypt
That is, turning a regular message into a secret form that cannot normally be read. The opposite of Encrypt is Decrypt.
Electrum
The name of a type of cryptocurrency wallet, this type of wallet does not download the entire blockchain to the user’s workstation but instead accesses the blockchain located on the server. Electrum does not guarantee decentralization, however it allows users the convenience and speed of not having to download the entire blockchain to the workstation.
Exchange
Is an exchange (cryptocurrency, or stock)
📖 F
FA
Fundamental analysis.
FINCEN
Stands for “FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK” is a facility within the United States Department of the Treasury that collects and analyzes information on major financial transactions to combat and combat money laundering, terrorist financing, and major financial crimes.
Frontier, homestead, metropolis, serenity
Four planned phases of the ethereum development roadmap in early phase.
FUD
FUDer stands for Fear – Uncertainty – Doubt. This refers to anxiety, fear, and uncertainty when deciding to invest, buy, or trade on cryptocurrency exchanges. FUDer means a person with characteristics such as fear, uncertainty, and doubt. In order not to be considered a FUDer, we should spend time researching thoroughly, including technological and economic factors, so that when we make a decision, we have certainty and confidence.
Funding
This is an investment term. It can be funding for projects or funding for startups. The new cryptocurrency industry uses this concept because Dash because the Dash ecosystem itself has the ability to fund community projects that help develop new features for the system or projects that add value to the ecosystem.
Fiat
Government-issued currency, such as the US dollar.
Fee
Also known as transaction fee, is the cost we have to pay to the network for each money transfer transaction.
Flippening
A potential future event where ethereum’s market cap surpasses bitcoin’s, making ethereum the most “valuable” currency. This website shows the progress of the flippening in real time: https://www.flippening.watch/
Fudster
Someone is spreading negative news.
Full node
Crypto currency uses Peer To Peer (P2P) technology and peer-to-peer networks consider each machine connected to the network as a network node, each network node can be turned on or off and machines when connected to the network will have to synchronize or access data from network nodes with full information. Full node is a network node that contains all the data of transactions. A network with many full nodes ensures that data is widely replicated and that avoids the risk of data being swapped.
Fiat currency
A currency that has no intrinsic value but is considered to have value because a government has declared it to be so. The word ‘fiat’ comes from the Latin word for “let it be done”
Fomo
“Fear of missing out”, the regretful feeling when something goes wrong without you.
Fork
In the field of open source software, anyone can use other people’s open source code for their software as long as they continue to keep their software in source code form and others can continue to use it. Fork is a way to use the source code of a previous software and then change it to create another function. For example, Bitcoin software was originally created but then Dash was created on the original platform of Bitcoin software, of course Dash also changed a lot to create another variant. In turn, there are many other software Forks from Dash such as PIVX, Bitsend… There is no limit to how much or how little change, as long as you use other people’s open source software and then change it to become your own, that process is called fork.
📖 G
Governance
This is also a new term that has been used recently because the cryptocurrency field has many people participating in the ecosystem, so it is difficult to reach consensus to choose certain directions for the community. Governance is a way to allow the community to make common decisions without creating conflicts. This also means governance, or rule. A cryptocurrency system not only needs a governance system but also a decentralized governance system (Decentralized Governance), which means that there is no need to trust a person or an organization, but the community can make decisions by voting. Cryptography technology allows the community to vote and control that voting to be fair and transparent.
Gas
A measure of the amount of processing required by the ethereum network to process a transaction. Simple transactions, such as sending ether to another address, typically do not require much gas. More complex transactions, such as deploying a smart contract, require more gas.
Genesis block
The first block was generate in blockchain.
Gas price
The amount of ether used per unit of gas on a transaction. The initiator of a transaction chooses and pays the gas price of the transaction. Transactions with higher gas prices are prioritized by the network.
📖 H
Hard wallet
This means that the wallet for digital currency is in the form of a separate hardware (or hardware wallet) rather than just a software on the computer or phone. Using a hardware wallet has better security features than a software wallet because if a hacker breaks into the victim’s computer and wants to transfer money, the software wallet is only limited by the password and the hacker can install a keylogger on the victim’s computer to read the password, while a hardware wallet requires the password to be entered directly on the hardware of the wallet, which cannot be installed or is very difficult to install a tracking code.
Hard Fork
Hard Fork is a little different in terms of changing the Blockchain’s operating protocol. This process is considered a permanent split. This situation occurs when the Nodes (miners) have not updated the software, so they cannot validate the blocks. The split itself affects the coin mining process, so there needs to be a “consensus” of coin miners or community developers, meaning that most miners must accept algorithm changes, accept system reconfigurations to continue to maintain and develop the Blockchain system. You can simply understand that the newly updated source code also has many changes and differences from the old source code, and you must update completely to continue using and developing, otherwise it cannot be used.
Hash
Also known as hashing. In the field of information technology, hashing means a type of feature extraction method so that for a certain piece of text, it is only possible to select a specific code segment and it is impossible to find the same code segment for another piece of text and vice versa, the same piece of text cannot generate two different hash codes. In addition, hashing is one-way, that is, when passing a message through the hash function, we can calculate the hash code but cannot do the opposite.
Hashing is widely used in the fields of digital signatures and password management. This hashing is mainly used in the blockchain field to ensure the authenticity of information and avoid forgery because hashing algorithms are often proven to correspond 1-1 between the message and the hash code. There are many different hashing algorithms, of which the popular ones are SHA256, SHA3, MD5, …
Hodl
Hold position, crypto slang, means to hold on tightly. Can be advice in volatile markets.
Hash rate
It is the computational speed to perform the hashing operation. The higher the hash rate, the faster the hashing operation. Hash rate is often used to compare the processing capabilities of mining machines for digital currencies. With different algorithms, the hashing processing speed is also different, so sometimes a machine with strong computational power but processing this hashing algorithm is slower than a machine with less power but performing a different hashing algorithm.
Hype
Meaning exaggeration or hype. In the cryptocurrency trading world, a coin that is inflated to an unusually high price is often referred to as a Hype.
📖 I / J
ICO
Initial Coin Offering is a method of raising capital through the use of cryptocurrencies. This method is popular for projects that have not yet fully developed their blockchain platform, product or service. Payment is usually made in Bitcoin or Ethereum, but in some cases, fiat currency is also accepted.
Inflation
Inflation occurs when the money supply is greater than the quantity of goods in the market, causing the prices of goods to become more expensive. Inflation is the opposite of Deflation.
IEO
Initial Exchange Offering, as the name suggests, is conducted on the platform of a cryptocurrency exchange. In contrast to ICO, IEO is managed and represented by a cryptocurrency exchange for a startup looking to raise funds with the tokens issued.
JOMO
Joy of missing out, the feeling of joy when you are not participating in the pump when the price suddenly drops.
IDO
Stands for Initial DEX Offering. IDO means initial coin offering on a decentralized exchange.
📖 K
Knife
Unusually large red candle in chart.
Key
Key means key. In the field of cryptocurrency, people use public key encryption technology and digital signatures. Public key encryption means using two separate keys, one to encrypt data and one to unlock it. Cryptocurrency uses a transformed public key to be used as a receiving address, and a private key to send money. In the field of cryptocurrency, Key usually refers to the private key.
KYC
This stands for Know Your Customer, which means a regulation that requires financial institutions to know their customers. This regulation is a way for governments to prevent money laundering or other crimes in money transfer transactions.
📖 L
Ledger
Ledger in accounting. In the cryptocurrency world, every cryptocurrency transaction is recorded in a database that acts like an accountant’s ledger.
Ledger nano s / trezor
Two of the popular hardware wallets.
Liquidity
The ability of a market to buy or sell an asset combined with the degree to which prices are relatively stable and consistent between transactions is called liquidity.
Ledger (permissioned)
It show meaning.
Limit order / limit buy / limit sell
Orders placed by traders to buy or sell a cryptocurrency when the price reaches a certain amount. They can be thought of as “sell” signals. These orders are what are bought and sold when traders place market orders.
Ledger (un – permissioned)
It show meaning.
Live blockchain
Blockchain that still works.
Long – margin bull position
Bullish - Buy more.
📖 M
Merkle tree root
It shows meaning.
Marketcap
The total market value of a coin. This value is calculated by multiplying the most recent matching price by the total number of coins in circulation on the market of a certain coin. This value can fluctuate depending on the market demand between buyers and sellers at each point in time.
Market order / market buy / market sell
Buy and sell orders on the floor at the current price. buy low and sell high.
Meme coin
A coin is minted for fun. (But some of theme has huge value)
Moon
An asset’s upward price movement – exceeding its highest price ever recorded.
Multisig
It means a wallet that uses multi-signature technology, that is, a wallet that requires multiple keys to be used in order to transfer money. A multisig wallet is used by an organization or a company. Suppose that wallet has 3 people with keys to transfer money and requires at least 2 people to sign for the transfer to be successful. Similarly, there may be a rule that a wallet needs 5 keys and a minimum of 3 keys to be able to transfer money…
Dash has this ability because it inherits from Bitcoin, many digital currencies that do not inherit from Bitcoin do not have this ability.
Market maker
(mostly) Institutional traders with strong financial resources (see: whale) and good understanding of market dynamics. The most important buy and sell wall guys to keep the market in a “range”.
Margin trading
The exchange allows investors to participate with orders x10, 20, 100 times (very risky, for experienced traders).
Masternode
As a network node in the peer-to-peer network of Dash, a masternode needs a little more conditions than normal network nodes, to run a masternode, its owner must deposit 1000 Dash and have a static IP address running in the data center and that computer needs to have a strong enough configuration. Dash masternode is used for value-added services on the Dash network such as PrivateSend, InstantSend, Decentralized Governance…
Mainnet
In the cryptocurrency industry, there are two different networks: the mainnet and the testnet. They work the same and use the same software, but they have different options for running different software. The mainnet connects wallet software together and is used for regular transactions, while the testnet is used by programmers to test software, check for bugs, and test the features of the software.
Main chain
It shows meaning.
Microfinance
It shows meaning.
MNO
Stands for Masternode Owner
📖 N
Node
A network node is a piece of software running on a computer that participates in a network with other computers running the same software on a peer-to-peer network. On a peer-to-peer network, each node is considered an equal to every other.
Network diffculty
It shows meaning
📖 O
Otc – over the counter business
Off-exchange trading, selling your assets off the exchange.
Ouroboros
Is the POS algorithm used by CARDANO as the main algorithm in its network system.
📖 P
Paper wallet
It is a paper-based cryptocurrency wallet that is stored off-site, which makes it less susceptible to hackers.
Pool
This term is used for coin miners, that is, providing their equipment to validate transactions of a digital currency and in return they are paid. When many people participate in coin mining, competition becomes difficult and it is very difficult to win.
If they do not join forces and share the risk, some people will mine for a whole year without hitting any block. Therefore, many miners can pool their computing power to search together to receive the reward.
If one of the miners finds a block, it will be divided equally among the members of the group depending on each person’s computing power. Thus, the probability of hitting the block for the whole group is high but is divided equally so that the miner gets a small reward to cover the costs. Pool is a way to gather many miners to mine together and share the reward.
Usually with popular coins like Bitcoin, each Pool can have thousands of different miners/mining machines, or even more.
Proof of Work
It means to demonstrate the ability to work, this is a technique to select which miners are worthy of being given the right to create blocks and receive rewards for validating transactions.
It is also a way to encourage users to invest in machines to validate transactions and ensure the security of the payment network. This technique allows those with faster computing power (hash function) to have more chances to mine and receive rewards. By competing to mine by upgrading faster equipment, the ability to ensure the security of the payment network is even higher.
Pump
Pumping money to buy a certain coin, this can make the price of that coin increase if many people pump money to buy it
Pump
Upward price movement, push prices up.
Private key
Meaning private key or secret key. In the field of encryption, there is a field called asymmetric encryption or public encryption. In this field, to encrypt and decrypt information, we need 2 keys, one to lock (encrypt information) and one to open (decrypt information).
The key used to encrypt is called the public key, which can be provided to everyone we want to receive information in encrypted form from them, and the secret key (also known as the private key) used to decrypt is kept private, when the information is encrypted with the public key, only those with the secret key can decrypt to read the message.
That secret key is called the Private key (also known as the secret key) and the public key is called the public key.
Proof of Stake
This is another technique used to validate transactions, but instead of competing for computing power to validate and receive rewards, this technique prioritizes those who hold a larger and longer amount of coins in their wallets.
This technique does not use mining machines and does not compete for computing power for mining, so it saves costs for equipment and energy for the machine to operate, but it only prioritizes those who initially have a lot of coins and turn on the wallet software for a lot of activity.
This does not create motivation for latecomers and the reward is based on the number of coins first, so it does not create competitive motivation for participants. There is much debate about the pros/cons between Proof of Work and Proof of Stake, but so far no coin using Proof of Stake has been successful.
Pump and Dump
It means pumping money to buy and then sell to make a profit without wanting to hold it for a long time or the repetitive cycle of an altcoin receiving a lot of attention, leading to a super fast price increase and then a continuous price decrease. A coin called Pump and Dump is a coin that is not worth holding for a long time but can only make a profit in the short term.
Peers
Refers to peer nodes in a peer-to-peer network.
Protocol
It means a protocol or a standard way for parties to communicate with each other, usually computers that can work with each other through a network. Usually for computer networks, there are network protocols such as TCP/IP, IPX/SPX… and cryptocurrency systems also have protocols such as bitcoin protocol, dash protocol… so that components participating in systems with the same protocol can work and communicate with each other.
Proof of Capacity (POC)
Proof of Capacity (PoC) is a blockchain consensus mechanism that allows miners to use their hard drive space to validate transactions and mine new blocks.
Proof of Activity (PoA)
Proof of Activity (PoA) is a consensus algorithm for blockchains that combines elements of Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS)
Proof of Authority (PoA)
Proof of Authority (PoA) is a consensus algorithm that uses a group of trusted authorities to validate transactions and create blocks on a blockchain network.
Proof of Service
This is a technique used in Dash. It is not used for validating transactions, creating blocks, but a technique that helps users invest in machines and stake a certain amount of coins to provide technical infrastructure for value-added services for the Dash ecosystem. This technique creates incentives for machine participants to create infrastructure for the second-tier network, that is, Masternode network nodes.
Psp
Payment service provider. Psp acts as bitcoin agents for merchants accepting online payments.
📖 Q
Quorum
The minimum number of people who must vote for an election to be valid. In decentralized technology (DAO), voting is required by participating factors (which can be agents, software running on individual computers) that can automatically participate in voting for certain conditions.
📖 R
Rig
In the field of coin mining, a rig is a mining machine, or a system consisting of a computer with a certain number of graphics cards used for coin mining.
Rekt
Huge loss. Come from “wrecked”.
ROI
“Return on investment”, the percentage of money made compared to the initial investment (ie 100% ROI means someone doubled their money).
Reverse indicator
Someone who always predicts wrong price movements.
Raiden network
An upcoming protocol change to ethereum will enable high-speed transmission across the network. It is also similar in some aspects to bitcoin’s lightning network.
📖 S
Sats
Short for satoshi a way of saying the price of a coin eg. 3000 sats is 0.00003 btc.
Sepa
a European payments area. Sepa was designed as a European Union payments integration agreement, making it easier to transfer money between countries using the Euro.
Shitcoin
A coin with no potential value or use.
Shapeshift
This is the name of a service that allows conversion from one digital currency to another. For example, you can convert from Bitcoin to Dash. This company acts as an exchange.
Shill
To promote or hype a coin, often via social media.
Smart contract
This is a new concept of embedding executable code like software programs, which is embedded in transactions so that depending on the situation, the transaction can be executed under different conditions.
For example, a smart contract can be used for a group of people’s lottery game according to the lottery results, everyone transfers money and uses the smart contract until 7 pm when the lottery results are out, whoever chooses the last 2 numbers that match the special prize will receive the entire amount. This is a way to play the lottery without a bookie. Instead of only receiving 70% of the total money, the winner can receive all the money of all the players.
SPV
Short for Simple Payment Verification, it is a technique that allows lightweight wallets (that can run on mobile phones) to verify transactions without downloading the entire Blockchain. SPV wallets only need to download the block header, which is much smaller than the entire block.
Scam
Fraudulent behavior, luring new people into worthless coins or causing others to lose money.
Segregated witness (segwit)
Segregated Witness (SegWit) is a change to the Bitcoin protocol that improves the network’s scalability and security
Sharding
A scaling solution for blockchains. Typically, each node in a blockchain network holds a complete copy of the blockchain. Sharding is a method that allows nodes to have a partial copy of the complete blockchain to increase network performance and consensus speed.
Sell wall / buy wall
Using the chart, traders can see current buy and sell limit points.
Shilling / pumping
Someone, basically promoting another cryptocurrency. The news hits the market, bad news coin drops, good news coin rises.
Stable coin
A cryptocurrency with extremely low volatility that can be used to trade against the general market.
Speculation
Buyers who expect a coin increase price in short term.
Swing
Zig zag price movement (up or down).
Scaling
Is the expansion of a system (usually computers and software) to accommodate a greatly increased demand for access.
Secure hash algorihm
Secure encryption algorithm using hash function
Solidity
One of the most popular languages in which smart contracts can be written. Has some similarities to javascript.
Short – margin short position
Bearish Speculation
Soft Fork
This is a change in the Blockchain’s operating protocol. This means that the previous valid transaction block is considered invalid. Soft Fork will be backward compatible, Nodes that do not update will be considered valid new blocks.
You can simply understand that the source code is updated to a new version, which includes many changes related to the system, but if you do not update, you can still use it normally.
STOs
Security Token Offering (STO) is a relatively new form of fundraising for startups. It has some similarities to a traditional business going public through an initial public offering (IPO).
In an STO, a company issues security tokens to its investors. Security tokens can be described as IOUs (I owe you) that are backed by the company’s assets. These tokens can be considered legally binding investment contracts that give investors access to shares of the company, monthly dividends, or a say in business decision-making.
📖 T
Timestamp
Specific time frame.
Troll/ Trolling
Is an online post that is offensive or provocative in nature and is intended to cause anger or frustration in others.
Trustless
No need for trust or confidence. The word trustless here does not mean no trust but means no need to trust anyone. Usually in the traditional economy, transferring money from one person to another online must be done through an intermediary (which can be just a machine) of one or several banks. But digital currency technology allows us to transact directly with each other without having to trust any intermediary.
Token
You can consider this as a proof of a smart contract and when the network is launched, anyone holding this token can receive the corresponding value recorded in the available smart contract. For example: ERC20 on the Ethereum network.
Transaction block
Compile collected bitcoin transactions into a block, then hash and add to the blockchain
Tx
Abbreviation for Transaction. TxID is the transaction ID.
Testnet
Testnet stands for test network. Testnet is a network of nodes running the same software as the mainnet but with different parameters to help software developers, testers, etc. test and check for errors during application development without affecting official transactions.
Turing completeness
Is a system or programming language that can be used to perform any calculation or computational program. Although Bitcoin also has the ability to have transaction codes to execute conditions, the script in Bitcoin is quite simple, on the contrary, Ethereum allows transaction codes to have the ability of a complete programming language, which means it can be programmed to handle any problem.
Turing is the name of the British mathematician named Alan Turing who laid the foundation for the computer industry.
📖 U
Unbank
When referring to a person, it means that person does not use a bank, but usually uses cash transactions. It also refers to people who are poor or in remote areas where banking services are not available.
📖 V
Verify
The word date means to check. For transactions, verify means to check whether a transaction is valid or not, verified means to have been checked. For the field of encryption and digital signatures, verify means to check whether the digital signature is a valid signature on a message or not.
Volatility
Market volatility reflects a measure of price movement over a period of time for a traded financial asset, including bitcoin.
VirtualBox
This is the name of a virtual machine emulator software from Oracle. This software can be used for free and is very useful if you want to test a new coin without worrying that hackers can install malware into the new coin’s wallet to steal the coins you have.
Volume
Meaning trading volume, usually people often calculate the trading volume of a coin within 24 hours. For example, when talking about Dash volume, people mean the value of Dash traded within 24 hours. It can be converted to US dollars when talking about trading on coin exchanges or just the circulation volume of coins traded in the network within 24 hours when talking about the trading volume of a coin.
📖 W
Whale
A person who owns a large amount of cryptocurrency.
Wire transfer
Transfer money from one person to another. Bank transfers are commonly used to send and receive traditional fiat currencies from bitcoin transactions.
📖 X
X11
The name of the hashing algorithm used in the Dash cryptocurrency. The X11 algorithm is the use of 11 hashing algorithms connected together, the output of the hash function with one algorithm is used as the input for the hash function of the other algorithm. This is a way to increase the difficulty of mining coins as well as ensure the security of transactions.
